Expert answers to your R-454B shortage questions
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Following last week’s ACCA Codes and Coffee webinar on the R-454B refrigerant shortage crisis, we reached out to our expert panelists to provide detailed answers to the most common questions from attendees. The discussion generated a lot of interest and urgent concerns from contractors nationwide, and we wanted to ensure everyone receives thorough responses to these important issues.
We’ll be adding more panelist responses as we receive them, so this resource will continue to grow with additional expert insights and solutions.
ACCA members: Don’t forget you can watch the complete webinar recording anytime here.
For the latest updates on refrigerant shortage resources and industry guidance, check the Contractor Resource Center regularly.
Top 10 questions from Codes and Coffee: The R-454B Shortage Crisis – What Contractors Need to Know
When will R-454B be widely available in supply houses?
Carrier: We’re extending split system refrigerant lines to 30 feet, reducing the need for standalone cylinders and helping ease supply constraints. Production began on June 2. Check unit labels to confirm which model you’re working with.
What caused the shortage — refrigerant supply or cylinder availability?
Worthington Enterprises: There has been constrained availability of both refrigerant gas and cylinders after a surge in demand for R454B far exceeded every projection. The industry was preparing for the demand but not in synchronized rhythm. Worthington Enterprises supplied cylinders to customers who planned ahead and placed orders early. Then we secured an abundance of materials, staffed our manufacturing facilities aggressively and increased production to meet new demand.
Carrier: A combination of factors including cylinder and raw material shortages, limited global refrigerant production, logistics issues driving up prices, and over-ordering due to anticipated supply constraints—all led to the current shortage and the need for allocation controls.
Why wasn’t the transition to R-454B better forecasted or planned?
Worthington Enterprises: It wasn’t a failure of effort – it was a breakdown in connection. Forecasting, raw material sourcing, fill capacity and cylinder supply were all managed in silos. Again, everyone was actively preparing but not in rhythm.
Carrier: The industry expected slower A2L adoption, with demand increasing in Q2–Q3. Instead, orders by March were already triple the historical average, far exceeding forecasts.
Can R-410A or R-32 be used as substitutes in emergencies?
Carrier: No, R-32 and R-410A are not substitutes for R-454B. Each refrigerant has different properties and safety ratings. Using a refrigerant not listed on the label breaks UL standards, voids your warranty, may fail inspections, and could cause performance issues or even damage the system, which you will be liable for.
Arkema: This is definitely not recommended as the OEM equipment was designed for a certain refrigerant. Likely, it will lead to poor performance from the unit. It also could result in a safety issue as R32 is significantly higher in pressure vs. R410A. In subsequent years during servicing a technician working on equipment with a mixed refrigerant will have a more difficult time in diagnosing issues.
Why are prices so high? Is price gouging happening?
Carrier: It’s mainly supply and demand. While some chemical suppliers have added surcharges, Carrier hasn’t— despite rising costs. Some increases are due to express orders with shorter delivery windows, which ensure availability but come at a higher price.
What are the recommended safe handling practices for R-454B and downpacking?
Carrier: Use only R-454B in systems labeled for it—mixing refrigerants can void warranties and fail inspections. Store cylinders upright in cool, ventilated areas away from heat or sparks, and wear proper PPE. Always check for yellow A2L tags on units and follow Carrier’s training and safety guidelines.
How can wholesalers better manage distribution to prevent hoarding?
Carrier: Distributors are encouraged to allocate R-454B based on equipment sales to ensure fair access, while contractors should order only what they need. Using pre-charged units with extended line sets can help reduce demand as supply stabilizes. Carrier continues to work with distributors and industry groups to monitor inventory and promote responsible ordering.
What are the implications for new construction and warranty issues?
Carrier: Use only the refrigerant listed on the unit. Substituting with another type can void the warranty, cause performance issues, lead to system damage, and result in failed inspections.
Are there real-time solutions for companies and techs without access to refrigerant?
Carrier: Check with distributors regularly—supply is stabilizing but varies by region. When possible, use precharged units with extended line sets to reduce the need for additional refrigerant.
Will this shortage impact other refrigerants like R-32, and is switching brands viable?
Carrier: R-454B is easier for techs familiar with R-410A, performs more reliably when topping off after leaks, and is safer in confined spaces. That’s why many OEMs prefer it—it strikes the right balance of safety, performance, and compliance.
Arkema: Both refrigerants (R32 and R454B) use the same cylinder, but as R32 has been in the market longer there is a more robust supply chain. There also tend to be more suppliers of R32 vs. R454B. R32 today is readily available, and there are few reported problems in accessing it. As far as switching brands, the most important thing is working with a reputable brand that certifies its product is AHRI 700 compliant. Beware of deals “too good to be true”, or internet auction sites. The chances these were illegally imported, not the product on the label, or don’t meet the standards of quality will be much higher.
Posted In: A2Ls, Refrigerants, Supply Chain
